Current and emerging medical therapies for dizziness

Abstract Medical therapies for dizziness are aimed at vertigo reduction, secondary symptom management, or the root cause of the pathologic process. Acute peripheral vertigo pharmacotherapies include antihistamines, calcium channel blockers, and benzodiazepines. Prophylactic pharmacotherapies vary between causes. For Meniere disease, betahistine and diuretics remain initial first-line oral options, whereas intratympanic steroids and intratympanic gentamicin are […]

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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as Treatment for Mal de Debarquement Syndrome: Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract This manuscript presents the case of an adult, male patient with mal de debarquement syndrome (MdDS); results from his experimental treatment with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) are also provided. Additionally, we included a review of literature related to the neurophysiology of MdDS and its treatment with rTMS. A 41-year-old man had been experiencing […]

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fMRI and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES): A systematic review of parameter space and outcomes

Abstract The combination of non-invasive brain stimulation interventions with human brain mapping methods have supported research beyond correlational associations between brain activity and behavior. Functional MRI (fMRI) partnered with transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) methods, i.e., transcranial direct current (tDCS), transcranial alternating current (tACS), and transcranial random noise (tRNS) stimulation, explore the neuromodulatory effects of tES […]

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Chronic dizziness

Abstract Purpose of review: Determining the etiology of disorders that manifest with chronic dizziness can seem a daunting task, but extracting some basic elements of the patient’s history can reduce the differential diagnosis significantly. This includes determining initial triggers, timing of symptoms, associated features, and exacerbating factors. This article covers distinct causes of chronic dizziness […]

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Neuroimaging markers of Mal de Debarquement Syndrome

Abstract Mal de débarquement syndrome (MdDS) is a motion-induced disorder of oscillating vertigo that persists after the motion has ceased. The neuroimaging characteristics of the MdDS brain state have been investigated with studies on brain metabolism, structure, functional connectivity, and measurements of synchronicity. Baseline metabolism and resting-state functional connectivity studies indicate that a limbic focus […]

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The Mal de Débarquement Syndrome

Abstractin English, French The Mal de Débarquement Syndrome (MdDS) is characterized by a persistent (> 1 month) sensation of self-motion, most of the time initially motion-triggered (i.e. boat, car, airplane travel). The symptoms are markedly diminished during a new exposure to passive motion. Female are more often affected. The vestibular functional assessment and cerebral imaging […]

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Scuba diving and otology: a systematic review with recommendations on diagnosis, treatment and post-operative care

Abstract Scuba diving is a popular recreational and professional activity with inherent risks. Complications related to barotrauma and decompression illness can pose significant morbidity to a diver’s hearing and balance systems. The majority of diverelated injuries affect the head and neck, particularly the outer, middle and inner ear. Given the high incidence of otologic complications […]

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